Wer datete Jean-François de Saint-Lambert?

Jean-François de Saint-Lambert (* 26. Dezember 1716 in Nancy; † 9. Februar 1803 in der Nähe von Paris) war ein lothringischer, später französischer Militär, Dichter, Philosoph und Autor vielgelesener Essays und Fabeln. Sein größter Erfolg war Les saisons (1770), ein längeres Gedicht über die Natur und das Landleben. Es öffnete ihm die Académie française.

Gabrielle Émilie Le Tonnelier de Breteuil, Marquise du Châtelet (French: [emili dy ʃɑtlɛ] ; 17 December 1706 – 10 September 1749) was a French mathematician and physicist.

Her most recognized achievement is her philosophical magnum opus, Institutions de Physique (Paris, 1740, first edition; Foundations of Physics). She then revised the text substantially for a second edition with the slightly modified title Institutions physiques (Paris, 1742). It circulated widely, generated heated debates, and was translated into German and Italian in 1743. The Institutions covers a wide range of topics, including the principles of knowledge, the existence of God, hypotheses, space, time, matter and the forces of nature. Several chapters treat Newton's theory of universal gravity and associated phenomena. Later in life, she translated into French, and wrote an extensive commentary on, Isaac Newton's Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica. The text, published posthumously in 1756, is still considered the standard French translation to this day.

Du Châtelet participated in the famous vis viva debate, concerning the best way to measure the force of a body and the best means of thinking about conservation principles. Posthumously, her ideas were represented prominently in the most famous text of the French Enlightenment, the Encyclopédie of Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert, first published shortly after du Châtelet's death.

She is also known as the intellectual collaborator with and romantic partner of Voltaire. In the two centuries since her death, numerous biographies, books, and plays have been written about her life and work. In the early twenty-first century, her life and ideas have generated renewed interest.

Élisabeth Françoise Sophie Lalive de Bellegarde, grevinna d'Houdetot, född den 18 december 1730, död den 28 januari 1813, var en fransk författare. Hon var dotter till Louis Denis Lalive de Bellegarde, gifte sig 1748 med greve Claude Constant César d'Houdetot och blev mor till César Louis d'Houdetot.

Hon tillhör 1700-talets mera bekanta kvinnor både genom sin förbindelse med skalden Saint-Lambert och genom den starka passion, som hon ingav Rousseau (skildrad i nionde boken av hans Confessions). Hon fick sin levnadsteckning av Buffenoir, La comtesse d'Houdetot, une amie de J. J. Rousseau (1901). Mathilda Mallings Eremitageidyllen (1896) är en skildring av Rousseau och grevinnan d'Houdetot.